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In 717, the Bulgarians stopped the Arab siege of Constantinople, killing some 40,000-60,000 Arab soldiers. The Bulgarian Khan Tervel was called “The Saviour of Europe” by his contemporaries. For centuries afterward Bulgarians were regarded as the angel warriors of Europe.

The Family of Ivan Alexander.In 864, Bulgaria accepted the Orthodox Faith and became a major European power in the ninth and the tenth century, while fighting with the Byzantine Empire for the control of the Balkans. This happened under the rule of Boris I. During his reign Bulgaria also produced the Slavonic alphabet, which became a pillar for further cultural development. Centuries later, this alphabet along with the Old Bulgarian language became the intellectual written language (lingua franca) for Eastern Europe. The greatest territorial extension was reached under Simeon I the first Tsar,son of Boris I,[9] covering most of the Balkans. However, his greatest achievement was that at that time Bulgaria developed rich, unique Christian Slavonic culture, which became an example for the other Slavonic peoples in Eastern Europe and ensured the continual existence of the Bulgarian nation regardless of the centrifugal forces that threatened to tear it into pieces throughout its long, rich and war-ridden history.

Following a decline in the mid tenth century, worn out by the wars with Croatia and frequent Serbian rebellions sponsored by Byzantine gold, Bulgaria was crushed by an assault of the Rus’ in 969. The Byzantines then began campaigns to conquer Bulgaria. In 971, they seized the capital Preslav and captured Emperor Boris II. Resistance continued under Tsar Samuil in the western Bulgarian lands for nearly half a century until the state was completely destroyed by the Byzantines led by Basil II in 1018
Second Bulgarian Empire

A medieval fresco depicting St. Nicholas.In 1185, the Second Bulgarian Empire once again established Bulgaria as an important power in Europe for two more centuries. With its capital based in Veliko Turnovo and under the Asen dynasty this empire fought for dominance in the region against the Byzantine Empire, the Crusader states and Hungary, reaching its zenith under Ivan Asen II (1218–1241). Аs a result of the Tatar invasion; internal conflicts and the constant attacks from the Byzantines and the Hungarians the power of the country declined since the end of the 13th century. From 1300 under Emperor Theodore Svetoslav Bulgaria regained its strength but by the end of the fourteenth century, the country had disintegrated into several feudal principalities and was eventually conquered by the Ottoman Empire. A Polish-Hungarian crusade under the rule of Władysław III of Poland to free the Balkans was crushed in 1444 in the battle of Varna.
Geographically and climatically, Bulgaria is noted for its diversity, with the landscape ranging from the Alpine snow-capped peaks in Rila, Pirin and the Balkan Mountains to the mild and sunny weather of the Black Sea coast, from the typically continental Danubian Plain (ancient Moesia) in the north to the strong Mediterranean influence in the valleys of Macedonia and the lowlands in the southernmost parts of Thrace. Bulgaria comprises portions of the classical regions of Thrace, Moesia, and Macedonia. The southwest of the country is mountainous with two alpine ranges – Rila and Pirin, and further east are the lower but more extensive Rhodope Mountains. Rila mountain includes the highest peak of the Balkan Peninsula, peak Musala at 2,925 meters (9,596 ft); the long range of the Balkan mountains runs west-east through the middle of the country, north of the famous Rose Valley. Hilly country and plains are found in the southeast, along the Black Sea coast in the east, and along Bulgaria’s main river, the Danube in the north. Other major rivers include the Struma and the Maritsa river in the south. There are around 260 glacial lakes situated in Rila and Pirin, several large lakes on the Black Sea coast and more than 2,200 dam lakes. Mineral springs are in great abundance located mainly in the south-western and central parts of the country along the faults between the mountains.
The Bulgarian climate is temperate, with cool, damp winters, very hot, dry summers, and Mediterranean influence along the Black Sea coast. The barrier effect of the Balkan Mountains is felt throughout the country: Northern Bulgaria is slightly cooler and receives more rain than the southern regions. Average precipitation in Bulgaria is about 630 millimetres per year. The driest areas are Dobrudzha and the northern coastal strip, while the higher parts of the mountains Rila and Stara Planina receive the highest levels of precipitation. In summer, temperatures in the south of Bulgaria often exceed 40 degrees Celsius, but remain cooler by the coast.

The country is relatively rich in mineral resources, including vast reserves of lignite and anthracite coal; non-ferrous ores such as copper, lead, zinc and gold. There are large deposits of manganese ore to north-east. There are smaller deposits of iron, silver, chromite, nickel and others. Bulgaria is rich in non-metalliferous minerals such as rock-salt, gypsum, kaolin, marble (more) (

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DOLPHIN TRADE & TRAVEL
HOLLYWOOD, FLORIDA 33021
TOLL FREE # 877-532 5296
Telephone # 954-642 8166

OFFICE HOURS: MO-FR 09AM-05PM [EST]

for more info and booking request go to:
http://www.myafricatravel.com

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The two men spoke at a meeting of Eurocontrol, which oversees air safety operations in the region.

A spokeswoman for KLM — one of the airlines that conducted test flights — told CNN the flights show European air space is safe with the exception of Iceland.

European transport ministers plan to discuss the results of flight tests at a technical meeting Monday.

The British government said Sunday that British air space will be closed for at least another 24 hours.
Britain is considering whether to draft the Royal Navy to help people stranded by the travel crisis, officials said.

Across Europe on Sunday, a handful of planes making test flights took off into skies dusted with volcanic ash, tasked with a single mission: determining whether passenger flights can safely resume.

“I wish to establish, as a matter of urgency, whether some safe flight paths can be identified and opened up to flights,” said British Transport Secretary Andrew Adonis.

Noting that other European nations were conducting similar test flights, Adonis said, “Urgent discussions are taking place with European and international regulatory agencies. We want to be able to resume flights as soon as possible, but safety remains my paramount concern.”

Millions of people have been affected by the biggest aviation disruption of recent years — some officials call it worse than after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States.
After a test flight Saturday evening, inspections “revealed that the flight had encountered no problems whatsoever,” KLM Royal Dutch Airlines announced. Dutch transport authorities then allowed KLM to conduct nine more test flights.

British Airways announced it was operating a test flight Sunday as well. A 747 aircraft would fly for a few hours with a crew of five on board.

The French Aviation Authority said it was conducting evaluation flights as well, with results expected Sunday night.

Some European airports reopened Sunday, including several in France and Germany, and all 16 that had been closed in Spain. But officials in each country emphasized that decisions were being made around the clock and could change at any time. Airports in much of the continent remained closed, with passengers unable to fly anywhere — and many hotels quickly running out of rooms.

Since the eruption beneath southern Iceland’s Eyjafjallajokull glacier worsened last week, prompting local evacuations and affecting European air space, airlines have been losing at least $200 million a day, according to the International Air Transport Association, the trade group representing airlines. That could mean airlines worldwide have lost about a billion dollars as of Sunday.

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Pros: Maps for 42 countries, 19 languages of the GUI to choose from. Very nice graphics with the special Reality View Pro feature (realistic display of motorway interchanges and exits) together with Lane Assistant Pro. Automatic language selection to match the iPhone’s user language. 2D and 3D map display together with portrait and landscape format. Optimized volume control (when using the NAVIGON navigation and the integrated iPod function of the iPhone at the same time).

Cons: Basic options to choose with limited ability to input GPS location’s. Small buttons and indicators in navigation mode with not well thought touch controls makes this navigation hard to read and operate sometimes.

Overall: App is on sale for 99.99$ ( normal price is 130$ ). The value that we get for this price i huge so I think if you are looking for the GPS app for the iPhone it will be a good choice however app still needs some more development especially for the optimization of 3D view on iPhone 3G but if you are looking for the best coverage and map accuracy then this app is the best choice.

LINK: http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewSoftware?id=320279293&mt=8

Also check out the BuyMeAniPhone giveaway at:

http://www.buymeaniphone.com

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Artist: 009 Sound System
Song: With A Spirit
Length: 09:58

lyrics:

you can be
whatever u want
when you’re high
walk slowly
with a spirit by your side
(oh baby)
don’t fear if u lose your mind
say how u doin’ boy i’m feelin’ fine
… when somethin’ carries me away… hey hey hey hey….
-
don’t think
just take a ride
don’t believe
that jesus lied
to keep us all so satisfied
with a sale
u should know baby

don’t feel
the thorny nights
never ask
for holy rites
don’t ya think
that god has died
this time
-
and don’t stop
takin’ these drugs cuz’ they
got u flyin’ forgettin’ yesterday
maybe it’s crazy but keep gettin’ stoned while u can
baby in the lord’s hands
-
don’t say
u know what’s right

don’t take
those alibis
don’t hate
the other side
when they’re right
sure they are baby

don’t wave
your flag up high
don’t praise
your concubines
did u just
fall for lies
this time

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